Impamvu dusabira abakristu bapfuye: Indulugensiya ishyitse n’indulugensiya idashyitse

Kiliziya yemera kandi ikamamaza izuka ry’abapfuye n’ubugingo bwo mu gihe kizaza. Ni muri urwo rwego abacu bapfuye Kiliziya idusaba kubasabira kuko urupfu atari rwo herezo ry’ubuzima bwa muntu. Iyo tuzirikana kandi dusabira abakristu bapfuye, tuba tuzirikana kuburyo bw’umwihariko ko nyuma y’urupfu hari izuka, ko nyuma y’umwijima w’urupfu hari urumuri rw’izuka. Ukwezi k’Ugushyingo Kiliziya izirikana kandi igasabira abakristu bapfuye. Ni ngombwa kumenya impamvu dusabira abacu bapfuye kugirango tubashe gusabira abacu bapfuye tumurikiwe n’ukwemera.

 

  1. Kubera iki dusabira abapfuye

“…Kuri ubwo buryo, kugeza igihe Nyagasani azagarukana ikuzo ashagawe n’abamalayika (reba Mt. 25,31) hanyuma yamara gutsinda urupfu, byose bikamwegurirwa (reba 1Kor. 15,26-27), abigishwa be bamwe bari mu rugendo ku isi; abandi, bamaze gupfa, bari mu isukuriro; abandi bo bashyikiriye ikuzo, bakaba barangamiye `Imana ubwayo, Ubutatu Butagatifu.’ Twese ariko dusangiye urukundo rumwe dukunda Imana na bagenzi bacu ndetse turirimbira hamwe indirimbo y’ikuzo ry’Imana yacu, nubwo tubikora buri wese ku rwego rwe n’uburyo butandukanye… Kubera iyo mpamvu ubumwe bw’abakristu bakiri mu rugendo hano ku isi n’abavandimwe babo baruhukiye mu mahoro ya Kristu, nta na kimwe gishobora kubusenya. Ahubwo nkuko Kiliziya ibyemera rwose, ubwo bumwe bukomera kurushaho basangira ibyiza bya roho”. (Konsili vatikani II, inyigisho kuri Kiliziya (Lumen gentium), 49)

Iryo sangira ry’ibyiza bya roho, rishingiye kuri ubwo bumwe ntakuka dufitanye, niryo rituma twiyambaza abashyikiriye ikuzo bari mu Ijuru ndetse tugasabira abavandimwe bacu bapfuye bakaba baruhukiye mu mahoro ya Kristu, bakiri mu isukuriro. Turabazirikana  iteka mu isengesho ryacu: mu gitambo cya Misa, mu Ndamutso ya Malayika, mu masengesho yacu ya mu gitondo n’aya nimugoroba, mu kuvuga ishapule na rozali no mu yandi masengesho; uko kubasabira ni igikorwa cy’urukundo tuba dukoze nkuko tubibona mu gitabo cya kabiri cy’abamakabe (2Mak.12,46). Kuva mu ntangiriro yayo Kiliziya ikaba yibuka kandi igasabira abapfuye bakiri mu isukuriro. By’umwihariko ibaharira uku kwezi k’Ugushyingo tugiye kwinjiramo. Ndetse mu kubibuka kuva ku italiki 1 kugeza ku ya 8 Ugushyingo tukaba tubaronkera indulugensiya zishyitse nkuko Kiliziya ibitwemerera. Uyu mwaka, nkuko yari yarabyemeye n’umwaka ushize kubera icyorezo cya Covid19, Papa wacu Fransisko akaba iyo minsi yo kubaronkera Indulugensiya yarayongereye ikaba ukwezi kose k’ukwakira.

  1. Ese Indulugensiya ni iki?

Indulugensiya ni ijambo riva ku kilatini (indulgentia,-ae) rishatse kuvuga mu kinyarwanda umuntu agereranyije : “kugira neza”, “kugira impuhwe” cyangwa “kugira ubuntu”. Kiliziya ikaba itwigisha ko “indulugensiya ari ukwishyura imbere y’Imana igihano gishira kiba cyaravuye ku byaha biba byarababariwe ku bw’amakosa (mu isakaramentu rya penetensiya). Iyo nyishyu itangirwa umukristu wujuje ibisabwa; igatangwa na Kiliziya, umubyeyi wahawe uburenganzira bwo gutanga agakiza dukesha umukiza wacu Yezu Kristu (Mt 16,19; 18,18), maze igatangana ububasha ibyo byiza dukesha ukwitanga kwa Kristu n’ukw’Abatagatifu.

Indulugensiya ishobora kuba ishyitse cyangwa idashyitse, bitewe nuko iyo nyishyu itanzwe yose cyangwa hari igisigaye. Kandi buri mukristu wese ashobora kuronka indulugensiya, ishyitse cyangwa idashyitse, we ubwe ndetse akaba yanayironkera n’abapfuye mu cyimbo cyabo”.

Koko rero icyaha cyose kigira ingaruka: ni ikosa ridutandukanya n’Imana kandi iryo kosa rikajyana n’ibihano umuntu agomba kwishyura. Iyo ari icyaha kijyana ku rupfu kigahesha ugikoze igihano gihoraho (peine éternelle ou perpetuelle), ndetse niyo cyamaze kubabarirwa nk’ikosa hari udusigisigi dutuma habaho ibihano bishira (peines temporelles). Ibyo bihano bishira kandi nibyo biva kuri bya byaha byoroheje. Indulugensiya rero ni inyishyu imbere y’Imana y’ibyo bihano bishira, kandi itangwa iyo icyaha cyababariwe nk’ikosa (mu isakaramentu rya penetensiya).

Indulugensiya kandi itangwa na Kiliziya , ni ukuvuga ko itangwa na Papa, abepiskopi cyangwa undi wahawe uburenganzira na Papa. Ikayiha abakristu bakiriho nk’impongano y’ibyo bakoze ndetse ikanayitangira abakristu bapfuye mu cyimbo cyabo. Ibyo Kiliziya ibikora yishingikirije ububasha Kristu yahaye Petero n’izindi Ntumwa bwo gukiza ibyaha, igihe abahaye imfunguzo zo gufungura no gukinga; ikishingikiriza kandi Ubumwe bw’Abatagatifu. “Mu bakristu, yaba abahire bageze mu ijuru, abari mu isukuriro mu purugatori ndente n’abakiri mu rugendo hano mu isi; hagati muribo hari ya njishi y’urukundo ibahuza itagira ikiyizitura ibyo bigatuma bahora bahererekanya ibiribyiza byose”.

Ni ngombwa ko byumvikana neza ko indulugensiya idasimbura penetensiya, kandi ko atari inzira y’ubusamo isimbura ya yindi yo guhinduka no kwisubiraho Ivanjili itwigisha; ahubwo ko ari uburyo bufasha muri iryo hinduka no kwisubiraho duhamagarirwa.

Indulugensiya zidashyitse

Kiliziya iziha umukristu wese wakoranye ubuyoboke n’ubushake ibikorwa bitandukanye by’iyobokamana: kuvuga amasengesho, guhabwa umugisha, gukoresha amazi cyangwa imidari byahawe umugisha, gusoma umusaraba, ibikorwa by’urukundo, n’ibindi bijyanye n’iyobokamana. Bitewe n’uburemere ndetse n’akamaro bw’igikorwa cyakozwe, haboneka indulugensiya nyinshi cyangwa nkeya kuri izo zidashyitse.

Mu mategeko yashyizweho na Mutagatifu Papa Pawulo VI havanyweho ibarura ry’iminsi n’imyaka byabagaho mbere, bisimbuzwa uburyo umukristu akoresha ngo aronke, ni ukuvuga ubushake n’icyubahiro akoresheje mu gushaka indulugensiya.

Ibisabwa kugirango umukristu abone indulugensiya zishyitse.

Ushaka guhabwa indulugensiya zishyitse agomba:

  • Kuba yarabatijwe
  • Kuba atarahagarikiwe amasakaramentu
  • Kuba yiteguye neza, ni ukuvuga yarisukuye na penetensiya
  • Kuzihabwa n’umukuriye
  • Kuba yifuza koko guhabwa indulugensiya
  • Kuzuza ibikorwa byose byategetswe kugirango haronkwe indulugensiya

Hejuru y’ibyo kandi agomba

  1. Kuba yarasukuye Roho ye ibyaha byose, yaba ibyoroheje ndetse n’ibijyana ku rupfu: kandi yariyemeje kubyanga rwose no kubirwanya uko ashoboye.
  2. Guhabwa penetensiya mu minsi cumi n’itanu ibanziriza cyangwa se ikurikira igikorwa kimuhesha indulugensiya. Penetensiya imwe ishobora kumuhesha indulugensiya zishyitse inshuro nyinshi.
  3. Guhabwa ukarisitiya muri iyo minsi nk’iya penetensiya. Ariko guhabwa Ukarisitiya rimwe bitanga indulugensiya zishyitse rimwe gusa.
  4. Gusengera icyo Papa asaba: birahagije kuvuga Dawe uri mu ijuru na Ndakuramutsa Mariya, nubwo bishoboka kongeraho andi masengesho.
  5. Iyo igikorwa gitegetswe ari ugusura kiliziya cyangwa se ahandi basengera, birahagije kuhavugira Dawe uri mu ijuru n’indangakwemera.
  6. Umukristu ahabwa indulugensiya zishyitse rimwe gusa ku munsi, keretse ageze mu za nyuma (in articulo mortis).

Muri uku kwezi k’Ugushyingo 2021 kugirango turonkere abakristu bagenzi bacu bapfuye bakaba baruhukiye mu mahoro ya Kristu kubera ibihe turimo by’icyorezo Kiliziya iradusaba gukora ibi:

  • Gusura irimbi tugasabira abakristu bapfuye. Iminsi umuntu ashatse y’ukwezi
  • Ku itariki ya 2, umunsi twibukaho abakristu bose bapfuye, guca mu Kiliziya cyangwa ahandi hemewe gusengera tukahavugira isengesho rya Dawe uri mu Ijuru n’indangakwemera. Kubera iki gihe turimo ibi bishobora no kwimurirwa undi munsi w’ukwezi.
  • Abasheshe akanguhe cyangwa abandi bafite intege nke nk’abarwayi n’abandi badashobora gusohoka kubera ingamba zo kwirinda icyorezo, bazaronka indulugensiya bifatanyije n’abandi mu isengesho.
  • Aho badashobora kuzuza ibisabwa kugirango haronkwe indulugensiya ( guhabwa penetensiya, guhazwa, gusaba hakurikijwe icyifuzo cya papa), bazasengera imbere y’ibikoresho bitagatifu nk’amashusho ya Yezu na Bikira Mariya, bazavuga amasengesho yo gusabira abapfuye.

 

Padiri Simon Pierre Ruterana Rutayisire,

Padiri Mukuru wa Paruwasi Kabuye

 

 

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